{"id":484,"date":"2010-01-30T01:08:23","date_gmt":"2010-01-29T23:08:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/?p=484"},"modified":"2012-02-16T14:56:12","modified_gmt":"2012-02-16T12:56:12","slug":"enerji-verimliliginin-arttirilmasi-turkiyenin-birinci-hedefi-olmalidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/?p=484","title":{"rendered":"Enerji Verimlili\u011finin Artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin Birinci Hedefi Olmal\u0131d\u0131r."},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de bina sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn nihai enerji t\u00fcketimindeki pay\u0131 2008 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in %36&#8217;d\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ve bu konudan sorumlu kurulu\u015f olan Elektrik \u0130\u015fleri Et\u00fcd \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (E\u0130E) a\u00e7\u0131klama ve d\u00f6k\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu sekt\u00f6rde mevcut enerji tasarruf potansiyelinin %30-%50 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir. \u00dclkemiz ithal enerji kayna\u011f\u0131na 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>48 milyar dolar<\/strong><\/span> \u00f6demi\u015ftir. Kriz olmasa idi bu rakam bu y\u0131l i\u00e7in bu de\u011ferin olduk\u00e7a \u00fcst\u00fcnde olacakt\u0131. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek politik ve ekonomik bedeller elde etti\u011fi kayna\u011f\u0131 heba etme l\u00fcks\u00fc yoktur ve enerji verimlili\u011finin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;nin birinci hedefi olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle 5 Aral\u0131k 2008 &#8216;de yay\u0131nlanan Binalarda Enerji Performans\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi getirdi\u011fi yeni d\u00fczenlemelerle binalarda enerji verimlili\u011finin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ciddi bir ad\u0131m olmu\u015ftur. Denetim ve izleme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda da belirli bir kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve kalite sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde T\u00fcrkiye enerji\u00a0 b\u00fct\u00e7esine uygulaman\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 oran\u0131nda \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Binalarda Enerji Performans\u0131 Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ile ; binalar\u0131n enerji t\u00fcketiminin verimli olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcketiciye bir enerji performans\u0131 belgesiyle g\u00f6sterilmesinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, binan\u0131n enerji t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 ve fosil yak\u0131t yerine yenilenebilir enerjinin daha \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 tan\u0131mlama ve zorunluluklar getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00f6netmelik asl\u0131nda &#8220;AB Binalarda Enerji Performans\u0131 Direktifi&#8221;nde belirtilen husulara ilaveten \u00fclkemizde 2000 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana uygulanan Is\u0131 Yal\u0131t\u0131m Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi&#8217;nin biraz daha detayland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f halidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y\u00f6netmelik; \u00f6zellikle yeni binalar\u0131n bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak t\u00fcm sistem ile daha az enerji t\u00fcketecek \u015fekilde tasar\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve in\u015fa edilmesini sa\u011flamay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6netmelik ile bir binada daha \u00f6nce oldu\u011fu gibi sadece bina d\u0131\u015f kabu\u011funun sebep oldu\u011fu enerji al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda mekanik tesisat, ayd\u0131nlatma, elektrik tesisat\u0131 ve binalar\u0131n elektrik t\u00fcketen di\u011fer sabit ekipmanlar\u0131n\u0131n enerji t\u00fcketiminin de en az olacak \u015fekilde tasar\u0131mlanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mimari tasar\u0131m\u0131n ilk ba\u015ftan asgari performans kriterlerine uygun olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere baz\u0131 tan\u0131mlamalar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve kriterler getirilmi\u015ftir. Bu kriterler mevcut ve yeni yap\u0131lacak konut, ticari ve hizmet ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan binalarda uygulanmak \u00fczere belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">S\u00f6z konusu y\u00f6netmelik, y\u00f6netmelikteki kriterlerin binalarda ne \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yerine getirildi\u011fini belirleyen enerji kimlik belgesinin zorunlu uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 da getirmi\u015ftir. Bu belgenin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda, kullan\u0131lacak enerji performans hesaplama y\u00f6ntemine, enerji kimlik belgesini haz\u0131rlayacak ve denetleyecek onaylanm\u0131\u015f ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yetkili kurulu\u015flar\u0131n yetkilendirilmesi ile ilgili husular belirlenmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6ylece \u00fclkemizdeki y\u00f6netmelik kapsam\u0131na giren t\u00fcm binalar\u0131n <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>2017&#8217;ye<\/strong><\/span> kadar enerji t\u00fcketirken ne kadar iyi veya ne kadar k\u00f6t\u00fc oldu\u011fu bina ile ilgili t\u00fcm taraflar\u0131n bilgisine a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ayr\u0131ca 1000 m\u00b2&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde kullan\u0131m alan\u0131na sahip binalarda; elektrik, \u0131s\u0131tma, so\u011futma, havaland\u0131rma ve s\u0131hhi s\u0131cak su ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen veya k\u0131smen kojenerasyon sistemi ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan \u00fcretim imkanlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak, ekonomik yap\u0131labilirli\u011fi olan uygulamalar\u0131n da ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesi ama\u00e7lanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Y\u00f6netmelikte belirtilen enerji kimlik belgesi d\u00fczenlemesi ile ilgili hususlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra binalarla ilgili bir\u00e7ok dizayn kriterinde yeni d\u00fczenlemeler getirilmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan \u0131s\u0131tma-so\u011futma sistemleri ile ilgili olanlar \u015fu \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015ftir:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>Toplam kullan\u0131m alan\u0131n\u0131n 1.000 m\u00b2&#8217;den b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 halinde merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi , so\u011futma ihtiyac\u0131 500 kW&#8217;dan ve so\u011futulacak toplam kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 2.000 m\u00b2&#8217;den b\u00fcy\u00fck olan ticari ve hizmet ama\u00e7l\u0131 yeni yap\u0131lacak binalarda merkezi so\u011futma sistemi, kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 1.000 m\u00b2&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde oteller, hastaneler, yurtlar ve benzeri konaklama ama\u00e7l\u0131 konut harici binalar ile spor merkezlerinde merkezi s\u0131hhi s\u0131cak su sistemi ve bu binalarda merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma ve s\u0131hhi s\u0131cak su sistemlerinin g\u00fcne\u015f enerjisi toplay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ile sistemin desteklenmesi , merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma ve\/veya kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 250 m\u00b2&#8217;nin \u00fcst\u00fcnde olup bireysel \u0131s\u0131tma sistemine sahip gaz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131lan binalarda; yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 tip \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 cihazlar kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve \u0131s\u0131tma kapasitesi 100 kW ve \u00fczerindeki kat\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 kazanlarda verimlilik ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak otomatik yak\u0131t besleme sistemi kurulumu gibi baz\u0131 konularda zorunluluklar getirilmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>1000 m\u00b2&#8217;nin \u00fczerinde kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 olan binalar i\u00e7in \u0131s\u0131tma, so\u011futma, havaland\u0131rma, s\u0131hhi s\u0131cak su, elektrik ve ayd\u0131nlatma enerjisi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tamamen veya k\u0131smen kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla, hidrolik, r\u00fczgar, g\u00fcne\u015f, jeotermal, biyok\u00fctle, biyogaz, dalga, ak\u0131nt\u0131 enerjisi ve gel-git gibi fosil olmayan enerji kaynakl\u0131 sistem \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan rapor halinde haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. Bu rapora g\u00f6re geri \u00f6deme s\u00fcresi 20.000 m\u00b2&#8217;ye kadar 10 y\u0131l 20.000 m\u00b2&#8217;nin \u00fczeri 15 y\u0131l olmas\u0131 durumunda uygulanmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/li>\n<li>Toplam in\u015faat alan\u0131 en az 20.000 m\u00b2olanlar\u0131n tasar\u0131m\u0131nda kojenerasyon sistemlerinin uygulama imkanlar\u0131 analiz edilir. \u0130n\u015faat maliyetinin %10&#8217;unu ge\u00e7meyen uygulamalar yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Yeni yap\u0131lacak binalar\u0131n 500 m\u00b3\/hve \u00fczeri hava debili havaland\u0131rma ve iklimlendirme sistemlerinde, \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m sistemlerinin tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 yap\u0131larak, yaz ve k\u0131\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fartlar\u0131nda minumum %50 verimlili\u011fe sahip olmas\u0131, ilk yat\u0131r\u0131m ve i\u015fletme masraflar\u0131 ile birlikte enerji ekonomisi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda avantajl\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m sistemleri yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunludur.<\/li>\n<li>Y\u00f6netmelikte \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen b\u00fct\u00fcn mimari, mekanik, elektrik ve ayd\u0131nlatma sistemleri ile ilgili konulatda Enerji Kimlik Belgesi d\u00fczenlemeye yetkili kurulu\u015flar sorumlulu\u011funda, sistemler, ilgili raporda belirtilen ve sistemin gerektirdi\u011fi periyodik kontrole, teste ve bak\u0131ma tabi tutulur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Makina m\u00fchendisleri odas\u0131 olarak \u00fclkemizdeki verimlilik art\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 destekleyecek bir y\u00f6netmelik olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ok olumlu bak\u0131yor ve y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi destekliyoruz. Ancak uygulama ve denetiminin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyoruz. Meslek disiplinimiz ve \u00fclke yararlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan baz\u0131 y\u00f6netmelik maddelerinin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in Bay\u0131nd\u0131rl\u0131k ve \u0130skan Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile haz\u0131rl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan ba\u015flayarak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimizden baz\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe yans\u0131m\u0131\u015fsa da baz\u0131lar\u0131 yans\u0131t\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu konuda Bakanl\u0131k ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde bulunmaya devam ederken de\u011fi\u015fimini istedi\u011fimiz maddelerin iptali i\u00e7in yasal m\u00fcracat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yapt\u0131k. Son ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z izlenim, Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n yeni revizyon \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda bu \u00f6nerilerimizi de dikkate alaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcndedir. Bilindi\u011fi gibi MMO kamu kurumu niteli\u011finde olup bir meslek kurulu\u015fudur. Bu nedenle yap\u0131lan \u00f6neriler, \u00fclke menfaatleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hi\u00e7bir firma veya grubun etkisi alt\u0131nda kalmadan gerekti\u011finde bilimsel \u00e7evrelerin de deste\u011fini alarak, uygulaman\u0131n i\u00e7inde olan meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sesine, bilgisine, uyar\u0131lar\u0131na kulak vererek, en etkili \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle odalar\u0131m\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00f6nerilerin zaman i\u00e7inde hakl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu kez ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra \u00fczerinde en \u00e7ok tart\u0131\u015fma, y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin &#8220;Toplam kullan\u0131m alan\u0131n\u0131n 1.000 m\u00b2&#8217;den b\u00fcy\u00fck olmas\u0131 halinde merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi yap\u0131l\u0131r&#8221; ve &#8220;Merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma ve\/veya kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 250 m\u00b2&#8217;nin \u00fcst\u00fcnde olup bireysel \u0131s\u0131tma sistemine sahip gaz yak\u0131t kullan\u0131lan binalarda yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 tip \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 cihazlar kullan\u0131l\u0131r&#8221; \u015feklindeki maddelerin \u00fczerinde olmu\u015ftur. Bu maddeler merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma ile ilgili oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu konudaki g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimizi k\u0131saca payla\u015fmak isteriz.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">MMO olarak y\u0131llard\u0131r do\u011falgaz ile birlikte h\u0131zla yayg\u0131nla\u015fan ve enerji ekonomisi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha verimsiz olan, hak\u00e7a olmayan ve kom\u015fudan enerji h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7an kombi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemlerinin kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nerdik. Ayr\u0131ca ehil ki\u015filerin yapmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bacalar ile de daire i\u00e7indeki bu sistemlerin bir\u00e7ok \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc zehirlenme vakalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u015fahit olduk. Bu nedenle merkezi sistem \u0131s\u0131tma sistemlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve hatta m\u00fcmk\u00fcn ise sadece bir bina i\u00e7in de\u011fil ayn\u0131 adadaki birka\u00e7 binan\u0131n veya bir b\u00f6lgenin birlikte \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6neriyoruz. Binalar ve \u0131s\u0131tma sistemleri b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi ekonomik a\u00e7\u0131dan daha avantajl\u0131 hale gelmektedir. Gider payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndaki sorunlar\u0131n\u00a0 enerji yasas\u0131yla zorunlu hale gelen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve payla\u015f\u0131m sistemleri ile birlikte a\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde , yeni uygulama \u00fclke ekonomisi ve enerji verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir kazan\u0131m sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #ffff00;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Merkezi sistemle bireysel \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda merkezi sistemin avantajlar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Merkezi sistemde tek bir kazan kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ve yak\u0131t\u0131n katlara da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 gerekmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in yat\u0131r\u0131m maliyeti d\u00fc\u015fecektir.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Bir kazan\u0131n, bir\u00e7ok kazan, kombi ya da sobaya g\u00f6re bak\u0131m masraflar\u0131 daha azd\u0131r. Daha az yer kaplar.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Merkeziistemde bir adet sirk\u00fclasyon pompa grubu kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in elektrik sarfiyat\u0131 m\u00fcnferit sistemlere g\u00f6re dah azd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Merkezi kazan dairesi yerine bina i\u00e7ine borularla da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f do\u011falgaz yak\u0131t\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, merkezi sistem olas\u0131 risklerine kar\u015f\u0131n m\u00fcnferit sistemlere g\u00f6re daha g\u00fcvenlidir.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">E\u015f zaman olarak kullan\u0131lan binalarda atalet bak\u0131m\u0131ndan merkezi sistem daha verimlidir.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Bireysel sistemlerde genellikle su \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131 ile birlikte y\u00fcksek kapasiteler se\u00e7ilmesinden dolay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7lerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r ve bu verimsizli\u011fe neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Yanma sistemleri daha iyi kontrol edilebildi\u011finden tam ve k\u0131smi y\u00fcklerde verim daha y\u00fcksektir. Birim \u0131s\u0131nma ba\u015f\u0131na enerji maliyetleri daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\">Kojenerasyon, at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131, alternatif enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 ancak merkezi sitemler ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Bu nedenlerle binalarda alan ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a merkezi sistem daha avantajl\u0131 hale gelmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca, Enerji Verimlili\u011fi Mevzuat\u0131 merkezi sisteme sahip binalarda \u0131s\u0131nma ve s\u0131cak su giderleri kullan\u0131m oran\u0131na g\u00f6re payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 da getiriyor. Bu d\u00fczenlemlere g\u00f6re merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma ve s\u0131cak su sistemleri her ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fcketti\u011fi kadar enerjiyi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek ve giderlerin b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc her b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn t\u00fcketimine g\u00f6re ayl\u0131k olarak faturaland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ithal kaynak olan do\u011falgaz\u0131n kombilerde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ancak do\u011falgaz fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ailenin al\u0131m g\u00fcc\u00fc i\u00e7inde olmas\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaktad\u0131r. Nitekim de kombisi olan bir\u00e7ok konut son y\u0131llarda do\u011falgaz\u0131n fiyat\u0131 artmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile tekrar k\u00f6m\u00fcr sobas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapm\u0131\u015f ve \u015fehirlerdeki hava kirlili\u011fi artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde kombi kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili \u015fartlar \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc olarak irdelenmelidir.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ancak \u0131s\u0131tma derece-g\u00fcn de\u011feri 1500 civar\u0131 ve alt\u0131nda olan \u015fehirlerdeki binalarda merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemi, \u0131s\u0131tma i\u00e7in ancak 70-80 g\u00fcn civar\u0131nda kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde ekonomik olmayabilir. B\u00f6yle bir yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlulu\u011fu yerine mevcut standartta \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclenden daha fazla \u0131s\u0131 yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ile bu binalar\u0131n hem k\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir elektrikli \u0131s\u0131tma ile gerekli i\u00e7 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131, hem de yaz\u0131n so\u011futma y\u00fcklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmesi sa\u011flanabilir. Yine 2300 derece-g\u00fcn (\u0131s\u0131tma) alt\u0131nda bulunan Karadeniz B\u00f6lgesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm binalar\u0131n \u0131s\u0131tma sisteminin g\u00fcne\u015f kollekt\u00f6rleri ile deteklenmesi zorunlulu\u011fu da enerji verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 tip \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ilgili hususa gelince, bu madde ile merkezi \u0131s\u0131tma sistemine sahip b\u00fct\u00fcn binalara konulacak kazanlar\u0131n alternatif \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen y\u00f6netmelik ile kazanlar\u0131n yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 tip olmas\u0131 zorunlu tutulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ger\u00e7ektende do\u011falgaz yak\u0131tl\u0131 kazan ve kombiler i\u00e7inde yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 tiplerde en y\u00fcksek verim elde edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte kazana &#8220;<strong>ekonomiz\u00f6r<\/strong>&#8221; tak\u0131larak, yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 kazana olduk\u00e7a yak\u0131n verimi sa\u011flayan y\u00f6ntemler ulusal mevzuat\u0131m\u0131zda mevcut olup, uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yo\u011fu\u015fmal\u0131 tip kazanlar \u00fclkemizde belirli firmalar taraf\u0131ndan ithal veya \u00fcretilmekte olup, imalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funda bu teknoloji ile ilgili alt yap\u0131 ve bilgi mevcut de\u011fildir. Bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girecek olan y\u00f6netmelik uyar\u0131nca y\u00fczlerce imalat\u00e7\u0131 i\u015f kayb\u0131 ya\u015fayacaklard\u0131r. Bu nedenle bu maddenin uygulanmas\u0131nda en az 3-4 y\u0131ll\u0131k ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcresi tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131lmalara yol a\u00e7mamak\u00a0 ad\u0131na ve \u00fclkemiz yerli\/ulusal sanayiince imal edilebilen d\u00f6k\u00fcm dilimli kazanlar gibi kazanlar\u0131n da t\u00fcketicilere; uygun montaj sistem ve enerji ekonomisi ilkeleri dahilinde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fart\u0131yla, \u00fclkemiz ekonomisine, \u00fcretime ve istihdama katk\u0131 koymas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan alternatif olarak sunulmas\u0131 do\u011fru olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Kaynak<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Termo Klima Dergisi Ocak 2010 Say\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">TMMOB Makina M\u00fch. Odas\u0131 Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Emin KORAMAZ<\/p>\n<div class=\"addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content_bottom\"><div class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list a2a_target\" id=\"wpa2a_1\"><a class=\"a2a_button_facebook\" href=\"http:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/add_to\/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimsanyapi.com.tr%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D484&amp;linkname=Enerji%20Verimlili%C4%9Finin%20Artt%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1%20T%C3%BCrkiye%E2%80%99nin%20Birinci%20Hedefi%20Olmal%C4%B1d%C4%B1r.\" title=\"Facebook\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a class=\"a2a_button_twitter\" href=\"http:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/add_to\/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimsanyapi.com.tr%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D484&amp;linkname=Enerji%20Verimlili%C4%9Finin%20Artt%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1%20T%C3%BCrkiye%E2%80%99nin%20Birinci%20Hedefi%20Olmal%C4%B1d%C4%B1r.\" title=\"Twitter\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a class=\"a2a_button_google_plus\" href=\"http:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/add_to\/google_plus?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimsanyapi.com.tr%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D484&amp;linkname=Enerji%20Verimlili%C4%9Finin%20Artt%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1%20T%C3%BCrkiye%E2%80%99nin%20Birinci%20Hedefi%20Olmal%C4%B1d%C4%B1r.\" title=\"Google+\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a class=\"a2a_dd addtoany_share_save\" href=\"https:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/share_save\"><\/a>\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\"><!--\nwpa2a.script_load();\n\/\/--><\/script>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de bina sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn nihai enerji t\u00fcketimindeki pay\u0131 2008 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in %36&#8217;d\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ve bu konudan sorumlu kurulu\u015f olan Elektrik \u0130\u015fleri Et\u00fcd \u0130daresi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (E\u0130E) a\u00e7\u0131klama ve d\u00f6k\u00fcmanlar\u0131nda s\u00f6z konusu sekt\u00f6rde mevcut enerji tasarruf potansiyelinin %30-%50 aras\u0131nda oldu\u011fu belirtilmektedir. \u00dclkemiz ithal enerji kayna\u011f\u0131na 2008 y\u0131l\u0131nda 48 milyar dolar \u00f6demi\u015ftir. Kriz olmasa idi bu rakam [&hellip;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"addtoany_share_save_container addtoany_content_bottom\"><div class=\"a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list a2a_target\" id=\"wpa2a_2\"><a class=\"a2a_button_facebook\" href=\"http:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/add_to\/facebook?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimsanyapi.com.tr%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D484&amp;linkname=Enerji%20Verimlili%C4%9Finin%20Artt%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1%20T%C3%BCrkiye%E2%80%99nin%20Birinci%20Hedefi%20Olmal%C4%B1d%C4%B1r.\" title=\"Facebook\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a class=\"a2a_button_twitter\" href=\"http:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/add_to\/twitter?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimsanyapi.com.tr%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D484&amp;linkname=Enerji%20Verimlili%C4%9Finin%20Artt%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1%20T%C3%BCrkiye%E2%80%99nin%20Birinci%20Hedefi%20Olmal%C4%B1d%C4%B1r.\" title=\"Twitter\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a class=\"a2a_button_google_plus\" href=\"http:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/add_to\/google_plus?linkurl=https%3A%2F%2Fimsanyapi.com.tr%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D484&amp;linkname=Enerji%20Verimlili%C4%9Finin%20Artt%C4%B1r%C4%B1lmas%C4%B1%20T%C3%BCrkiye%E2%80%99nin%20Birinci%20Hedefi%20Olmal%C4%B1d%C4%B1r.\" title=\"Google+\" rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a class=\"a2a_dd addtoany_share_save\" href=\"https:\/\/www.addtoany.com\/share_save\"><\/a><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[159,107,157,123,92,156,87,158],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=484"}],"version-history":[{"count":33,"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1478,"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/484\/revisions\/1478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=484"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=484"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/imsanyapi.com.tr\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=484"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}